Clicky

(tap for home) also see; posts archive, top of my stack

Industry and Consumption of Pornography

[2023-10-16 Mon 12:15] Update: I much concentrated in few resources for writing this post, most of them were authored by feminists whose view on pornography is centered upon Women’s Liberation/Oppression Theory only. Although this view is not present in the post, it’s important to alert that all mentioned about acts against women is applicable to men too, even if it was in narrower domains.

I have begun to yearn for the days when pornography held a less normalized stance in society, and when people would jest about others who engaged with it. Meanings are lost in a post-modernist area of mindsets, it’s much harder to explain to people how such a thing is not normal and very malicious. In this article I’m going to discuss my views on how both consumption and industry of pornography are dangerous for individuals.

This page contains my views about both the consumption and industry of pornographic content. along with other related sexual activies.

Consumption

Men who read it [beauty pornography] don’t do so because they want women who look like that. The attraction of what they are holding is that it is not a woman, but a two-dimensional woman-shaped blank. The appeal of the material is not the fantasy that the model will come to life; it is precisely that she will not, ever. Her coming to life would ruin the vision. It is not about life.

― Naomi Wolf

From The Beauty MythN. Wolf, The Beauty Myth (Chatto & Windus, 1990), https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=D0naAAAAMAAJ.

In this section I’m going to discuss the effect that pornographic content holds on its consumers. Unless specified, I’m talking about heterosexual porn only.

Porn as a media platform for sexual violation

This section was labeled under Propaganda

It’s a known claim by porn propagandists that “since rapists are likely to use adult content to relieve themselves because it’s easier than rapping someone” as seen here.

However, the vast majority of porn content is correlated to things like the degradation of women. If you ask someone to categorize a film for you as pornographic or erotic, their categorization will be much based on the level of degeneration that is being applied to women, on the other hand, erotica has more of a real relationship. As described by Ikram Hawramani:Ikram Hawramani, “The Philosophy of Pornography and Masturbation,” Hawramanicom, April 2019, https://hawramani.com/the-philosophy-of-pornography-and-masturbation/.

Pornography equalizes all humans into a new world order of bodies. One body can be as good as another for satisfying one’s needs. But love and romance require treating a person as if they are infinitely worthy and irreplaceable. The “morality” that pornography teaches is entirely opposed to the morality of love. The two cannot coexist.

This is generally related to a primitive untamed instinct in many humans that relates sex to will and domination over women, some researchers suggested that it is related to the evolutionary history of men and how rape was the thing until romantic relationships emerged, in which some types of violence is employed.Patrick Lussier and Jesse Cale, “Understanding the Origins and the Development of Rape and Sexual Aggression against Women: Four Generations of Research and Theorizing,” Aggression and Violent Behavior 31 (2016): 66–81, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2016.07.008. Such a norm is so common that made researchers define it as a normal act which is “natural”.Clellan S. Ford and Frank A. Beach, Patterns of Sexual Behavior (Harper & Row, 1981). Personally I totally dislike any kind of eroticization of power through sexual intercourse, I argue that pornography helped much establishing this sickness.

Porn is a media for sex. What is media? It is the system that is “to inculcate individuals with the values, beliefs, and codes of behavior that will integrate them into the institutional structures of the larger society”.Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman, “Perface,” in Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media (Bodley Head, 2008), https://libgen.li/file.php?md5=ad84472690edfd90edec70d53d5f7d67. What is represented in whatever collective consent of pornography, is the how individuals are expected to act from. This is to say, porn is very related to common memes of domination. Other norms are being affected as well, such as the designation of “stepsister, stepfather”, or any other step-first family relative, it is being linked to porn films, since it’s a common standard in the industry to use such prefixes to bypass the legal limitation on incest content.

Studies found that typical pornographic content introduces women mostly depicted in subordinate, submissive and forced position,Brosius Hans‐Bernd, James B. Weaver III, and Joachim F. Staab, “Exploring the Social and Sexual ‘Reality’ of Contemporary Pornography,” The Journal of Sex Research 30, no. 2 (1993): 161–70, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499309551697.,Gail Dines, Bob Jensen, and Ann Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality (Routledge, 2013).,Meagan Tyler, ““Now, That’s Pornography!’: Violence and Domination in Adult Video News,” in Everyday Pornography (Routledge, 2010), 62–74. such positions are known to be animalistic and were common in brothels where consumers are never into the personhood of whom they are having the intercourse with, since they are interchangeable objects of sex. Porn producers do not usually try to hide such things, a porn director talked once of the animalistic nature of relationship that is embedded in porn content as it was like “a dog marking its territory”Chyng Sun and Miguel Picker, The Price of Pleasure: Pornography, Sexuality, and Relationships (Northampton: Media Education Foundation, 2008). and other shows the interest of violence acts:Robert J. Stoller and I. S. Levine, Coming attractions : the making of an x-rated video / robert j. stoller and i.s. levine, Book (Yale University Press New Haven, 1993).

“I’d like to really show what I believe the men want to see: violence against women … [but] the most violent we can get is the cum shot in the face. Men get off behind that, because they get even with the women they can’t have”

The general pattern of the behavior of women in porn can be described as follows:Dines, Jensen, and Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality.

  • Women are generally sexually active creatures at any possible position, let it be public or private and let the woman be any human being that can be described as a female, including family member (see Intrafamilial rape).
  • Women who do not respond with the same amount of phantasy are actually responding but in their special way because they like to be forced into it. Some porn creators indicate that the actress would “beg him to stop”.
  • Women are rarely coherent, which is to say they mostly exhibit whore-like behavior. No matter how much elevation and nobility a wman may show, she sums up whoring.

Since porn consumption is being a common thing, such regularization is to be normalized by many males and females, in my opinion such ideology will never help maintaining a healthy relationship.

Studies indicate that pornography is a factor in male attitude of aggression.Neil M. Malamuth and Eileen V. Pitpitan, “The Effects of Pornography Are Moderated by Men’s Sexual Aggression Risk,” in Pornography: Driving the Demand in International Sex Trafficking, ed. David E. Guinn and Julie DiCaro (Los Angeles: Captive Daughters Media, 2007), 125–43. In contemplating a typical porn site, observers find “forceful sex with infliction of pain on the girl or woman is the norm.[..] she is penetrated any-which way – into her mouth, anus or vagina – sometimes simultaneously. Verbal abuse is showered on her by the man (or men) as they penetrate her. Subjugation and humiliation of girls and women are depicted repeatedly.”.Ruchira Gupta, “Pornography in India,” in Big Porn Inc.: Exposing the Harms of the Global Pornography Industry, ed. Melinda Tankard Reist and Abigail Bray (North Melbourne, Victoria: Spinifex Press, 2011), 239–48.

Intrafamilial rape

Studies highlighted that a significant amount of porn materials is dedicated to intrafamilial porn in which wife is presented as either sexual unattractive or is in the picture, she is always looking for being penetrated by her father.Diana Russell and Natalie J. Purcell, “Exposure to Pornography as a Cause of Child Sexual Victimization,” in Handbook of Children, Culture, and Violence, ed. Nancy E. Dowd, Dorothy G. Singer, and Robin Fretwell Wils (London: Sage Publications, 2006).

Engaging in sexual activities with children undergoes a transformation with pornography from a sickness to a natural activity, which, as Gail Dines argues, was an achievement for pornography to have such a normalization.Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn Has Hijacked Our Sexuality (Boston: Beacon Press, 2010).

Porn and sexual kinkiness

There is a reason why top porn content are usually kinky stuff, continuous consumption of porn and hence the objectification of women causes people to look for other kinds of domination (or humiliation) As explained, women are no more than mere objects for porn consumers and directors, the same goes for real animals. Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson puts it:

Pornography involving animals satisfies both the urge to see women as animals, and to see animals as under the control of a dominating male. Some males wish to see both suffer. This is true even when there is a cover, for example pretending that the woman or the animal likes the suffering or in some sense deserves it.

BDSM is an example of how that view reflects on real humans, following is a description of typical BDSM porn content by Margot Wieiss:Donald L. Donham, “7. White Slavery,” in The Erotics of History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2018), 65–77, https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/9780520968875-010.

My copy of the monthly newsletter of a San Francisco SM organization included a scene report, a written description of a consensual BDSM play scene. The scene took place at a San Francisco dungeon in March 2004. It was an interrogation scene, involving a Colonel, a Captain, a General, and a spy. The spy was hooded, duct-taped to a chair, and slapped in the face. As she resisted, the spy was threatened with physical and sexual violence, stripped naked, cut with glass shards, vaginally penetrated with a condom-sheathed hammer, force-fed water, shocked with a cattle prod, and anally penetrated with a flashlight. The scene ended when the spy screamed out her safeword, the word that ends the scene: ‘Fucking Rumsfeld!’.

Specifically speaking about BDSM, studies have shown that BDSM are interests for oppressed communities who have endured torment under dictatorial governments or have suffered under racist regimes, as well as the struggles faced by lesbians in fundamentalist and militarized environments.Susan Hawthorne, “Ancient Hatred and Its Contemporary Manifestation: The Torture of Lesbians,” Journal of Hate Studies, January 2005, https://doi.org/10.33972/jhs.32.

Modern studies have found that there is an association between men being sexually interested in consensual kinky practices and using pornography (pornography generally, not just violent pornography).Alan McKee et al., “The Relationship between Consumption of Pornography and Consensual Sexual Practice: Results of a Mixed Method Systematic Review,” The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 30, no. 3 (2021): 387–96, https://doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2021-0010.

The consumption of porn is also linked to other kind of kinkiness, like being more likely to engage in multipartner sex.Emily Harkness, Barbara Mullan, and Alex Blaszczynski, “Association between Pornography Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adult Consumers: A Systematic Review,” Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 18 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0343.

Health

Health should be one of the most important aspect for porn consumers, however, in our modern world people are less convinced by how it affect them badly; better inform them about smoking. Unlike smoking though, pornography has a very decent propaganda. I will try to list some of the proven effects of consuming pornographic content on one’s health and productivity.

  • Pornographic picture processing interferes with working memory performance.Christian Laier, Frank P. Schulte, and Matthias Brand, “Pornographic Picture Processing Interferes with Working Memory Performance,” The Journal of Sex Research 50, no. 7 (2013): 642–52, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.716873.

Generally porn is known to affect one’s productivity, it desensitizes dopamine receptors and rewires your pathways to respond to porn more than other stimulus (like achieving your long-term goals and what actually matters).

Industry

Pornography is humiliation and degradation of women, it’s disgraceful activity [..] women are degraded as vulgar sex objects, it’s not what human beings are.

“But didn’t porn performers are choose to do the job and get paid for it?”

The that we should be in favor of sweatshops and China or where women are locked into a factory and work 15 hours a day and then the factory burns down and they all die yeah they were paid and they consented [..] as to the fact that it’s some people’s erotica well you know that’s their problem doesn’t mean I have to contribute to it if they get enjoyment out of humiliation of women they have a problem.

Suppose there’s at a starving child in the slums and you say well I’ll give you food if you’ll let me abuse you well I suppose there have to be laws against child abuse fortunately but suppose somewhere to give your argument well you know after all a child starving otherwise so you’re taking away his chance to get some food if you ban abuse and is that an argument the argument the answer to that is stop the conditions in which the child is starving and the same is true here eliminate the conditions in which women can’t get decent jobs not permit abusive and destructive behavior.

— Noam Chomsky

From a YouTube interview.The Price of Pleasure - Noam Chomsky on Pornography (YouTube, 2008), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNlRoaFTHuE.

Porn as a new prostitution

Karl Marx stated that prostitution is only a particular expression of the general prostitution of the labor, Eveline Goibbe explained how “pornography is pictures of [that] prostitution”. Some porn consumers who don’t like to have the moral guilt of it and other people whose benefits will shrink if pornography is declared legally to be a kind of prostitution will try hard to make unimaginable allegations that try to unlink porn from prostitution, however, everybody acknowledges the link.

One individual who has experienced prostitution firsthand went on to elaborate, stating that in their view saying “pornography is prostitution that is legalized as long as someone gets to take pictures”.Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 355.

There is a common area between the reasons that might make someone get into prostitution and porn industry as of poverty and extortion (sometimes porn workers are filmed secretly to blackmail themSeiya Morita, “Pornography, Prostitution, and Women’s Human Rights in Japan,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 64–83.). A porn worker states it :Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 352.

“The owner of the ‘nude photo agency’ offered me a place to live and a lot of other work if I did film. At that point in my life, I really didn’t have any other options”

Studies have shown that there is a direct link between being abused as a kid and participating in sex industry,Mimi H. Silbert and Ayala M. Pines, “Early Sexual Exploitation as an Influence in Prostitution,” Social Work 28, no. 4 (1983): 285–89, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23714392.,Susan M. Nadon, Catherine Koverola, and Eduard H. Schludermann, “Antecedents to Prostitution: Childhood Victimization,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 13, no. 2 (1998): 206–21, https://doi.org/10.1177/088626098013002003. ,C S Widom and J B Kuhns, “Childhood Victimization and Subsequent Risk for Promiscuity, Prostitution, and Teenage Pregnancy: A Prospective Study.,” American Journal of Public Health 86, no. 11 (1996): 1607–12, https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.86.11.1607. one can argue that the trauma makes it harder for the abused to fit in with community easily, so they do their best trying to make living which ends to be in sex industry if they were lucky enough to have selling bodies.

In 2007, Peter Acworth, a British individual associated with explicit and extreme adult content, acquired a building in San Francisco worth 14 million dollars for his business. Acworth, though he identifies himself as a pornographer, denies any involvement in pimping. His work revolves around catering to fetishes and involves paying women to engage in scenarios that may include distressing situations such as being terrorized, confined in tight spaces, hogtied, subjected to physical violence, near-drowning experiences, and suspension from ceilings..Jesse Mckinley, “A Neighbor Moves in with Ropes and Shackles, and Some Are Not so Pleased,” The New York Times (The New York Times, February 2007), https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/12/us/12armory.html.

Acworth offers porn actress some enticing pay, in 2007, he paid > 1.4K USD for “forced vaginal fingering.”Will Harper, “Kinky Town,” San Francisco Weekly, 2007, http://www.sfweekly.com/content/printVersion/459991/. The experience is no much difference from known torture, as described be survivorMartin Amis, “A Rough Trade,” The Guardian, 2001, http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/mar/17/society.martinamis1.

‘I got the shit kicked out of me,’ … ‘I was told before the video – and they said this very proudly, mind you – that in this line most of the girls start crying because they’re hurting so bad … I couldn’t breathe. I was being hit and choked. I was really upset, and they didn’t stop. They kept filming. You can hear me say, “Turn the fucking camera off,” and they kept going’

Following are common areas between prostitution and pornography, shows that pornography is just as bad but actually worse.

— Research indicates that women engaged in prostitution, whose clients or pimps created pornography featuring them, experienced more pronounced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to women who did not have such explicit content produced of them.Melissa Farley, “Renting an Organ for 10 Minutes: What Tricks Tell Us About Prostitution, Pornography, and Trafficking,” in Pornography: Driving the Demand for International Sex Trafficking, ed. David E. Guinn and Julie DiCaro (Los Angeles: Captive Daughters Media, 2007), 146. The connection between the production of pornography within the context of prostitution and heightened PTSD symptoms suggests that the experiences of being recorded and potentially exploited in this manner can have a detrimental impact on the mental health and well-being of those involved.

— Sex workers are suffering for ever from pornography unlike prostitution, one of them:Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 356.

[P]ornography is much worse than prostitution because it affects me for the rest of my life. It’s not like I just … had sex with a john, collected my money, and went home … I’m still exploited all over the Internet ten years later. People recognize me. I’m harassed because of it. My kids are being harassed.

TODO Porn as a capitalism lobbying machine   @write @later

Porn is very profitable, The Global Online Adult Entertainment Market by ResearchAndMarkets.com estimates the global online adult entertainment market to be worth $97.05 billion in 2022 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 11.3% from 2022 to 2027.ResearchAndMarkets.com, “The Global Online Adult Entertainment Market,” Researchandmarkets.Com, 2022, https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5512037/global-online-adult-entertainment-market.

In August 1994, Dr. M. Buthelezi, the Minister of Home Affairs at that time, commissioned a Task Group to develop a new act that would replace the existing Publications Act of 1974. The new act’s scope included addressing issues related to the production and distribution of pornography.Kobus van Rooyen, “Drafting a New Film and Publication Bill for South Africa,” in Between Speech and Silence. Hate Speech, Pornography and the New South Africa, ed. Jane Duncan (Freedom of Expression Institute and Institute for Democracy in South Africa, 1996). The Task Group’s initial research involved international consultations, leading them to conclude that a mere amendment to the Act would not be sufficient to address the situation. Instead, they believed that the approach to handling pornographic material needed to shift from a focus on morality to considering potential harm.ibid.

During this period of research, there was also a widely circulated national petition opposing the legalization of pornography. The petition, organized by Pat and Horace van Rensburg’s organization STOP Pornography, amassed an impressive 250,000 signatures. Additionally, approximately 1800 submissions were presented during the Portfolio Committee Hearings, and an overwhelming 95% of these submissions urged the government not to legalize pornography (pers. comm. retired MP Horace van Rensburg). Despite these numerous appeals from the public, it appears that their concerns were not heeded by the authorities.

Within a surprisingly short period of six weeks, the research was completed, and the new Act was drafted. Despite the involvement of internationally recognized anti-pornography feminists, sociologists, legal experts, and psychologists, as well as substantial input from a significant portion of the South African public, their findings and perspectives were entirely disregarded. Instead, the opinion of international patriarchal ’legal experts’ took precedence in shaping the new Act. This decision raised concerns about the exclusion of diverse viewpoints and the potential influence of gender-biased perspectives in the legislative process.

Masturbation

This section was labeled under Philosophy of Ethics

This is a little bit an off-topic, but I do not usually discuss sexual topics on this website, and pornography is usually associated with masturbation, so I will put my views here too.

While I have other reasons for which I abandon masturbation, I will try to discuss a philosophy that was (and still is) very convincing for me; deontological ethics and consequentialism:

That such an unnatural use (and so misuse) of one’s sexual attributes is a violation of one’s duty to himself and is certainly in the highest degree opposed to morality strikes everyone upon his thinking of it. Furthermore, the thought of it is so revolting that even calling such a vice by its proper name is considered a kind of immorality.

— Immanuel Kant.I. Kant, L. Denis, and M. Gregor, Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals, Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy (Cambridge University Press, 2017).

Deontology is an ethical theory that maintains that the morality of an action is determined by its adherence to certain moral principles or rules. In this context, the act of masturbation may be considered immoral if it violates a fundamental moral rule set forth by the deontological framework. Some deontological perspectives, such as certain religious beliefs, may view masturbation as immoral because it violates specific commandments or divine decrees.

The principle of autonomy is crucial in deontological ethics, as it upholds the individual’s right to self-determination and rational decision-making. However, critics of masturbation within a deontological framework may argue that self-gratification conflicts with the broader principles of self-control, moderation, and respect for the human body as a vessel for spiritual and procreative purposes. As such, masturbation is forbidden under deontology due to its perceived violation of these principles.

Consequentialism, on the other hand, evaluates the morality of actions based on their consequences. The central idea is to promote the greatest overall good or minimize harm for the greatest number of people. Under this ethical framework, the morality of masturbation would depend on its impact on individual well-being and societal welfare.

Consequentialists standpoint argue that excessive indulgence in solitary pleasure could have detrimental effects on personal well-being and social interactions. They assert that masturbation lead to diminished motivation, decreased sexual satisfaction with a partner, or even social withdrawal, which can negatively impact relationships and social cohesion.

In deontological ethics, it’s known for a fact that happiness “is only good on the condition that the happiness is deserved” which is basically not the case with these things.

In a consequentialist view, how does masturbation affect one? This is an important question that we should ask to determine how “good” would it be to us (if deontology were to be thrown away). I personally have the belief that it only worked as a damper, which definitely has bad effects on one’s mettle, I have no scientific citation for this claim, but it is my personal experience, and I bet you have a similar one. Actually, this can be observed in animal behavior if you have seen a cat before and after being castrated. Sexual motivation has always been a major factor in our inducements throughout history, some psychologists (psychoanalysis  specifically) argue that it has always been the main motivation, and the instant dissimulation of such a motivation throughout masturbation will definitely have a bad effect in one’s activity.

Footnotes:

1

N. Wolf, The Beauty Myth (Chatto & Windus, 1990), https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=D0naAAAAMAAJ.

2

Unless specified, I’m talking about heterosexual porn only.

3

Ikram Hawramani, “The Philosophy of Pornography and Masturbation,” Hawramanicom, April 2019, https://hawramani.com/the-philosophy-of-pornography-and-masturbation/.

4

Patrick Lussier and Jesse Cale, “Understanding the Origins and the Development of Rape and Sexual Aggression against Women: Four Generations of Research and Theorizing,” Aggression and Violent Behavior 31 (2016): 66–81, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2016.07.008.

5

Clellan S. Ford and Frank A. Beach, Patterns of Sexual Behavior (Harper & Row, 1981).

6

Noam Chomsky and Edward S. Herman, “Perface,” in Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media (Bodley Head, 2008), https://libgen.li/file.php?md5=ad84472690edfd90edec70d53d5f7d67.

7

Brosius Hans‐Bernd, James B. Weaver III, and Joachim F. Staab, “Exploring the Social and Sexual ‘Reality’ of Contemporary Pornography,” The Journal of Sex Research 30, no. 2 (1993): 161–70, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499309551697.

8

Gail Dines, Bob Jensen, and Ann Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality (Routledge, 2013).

9

Meagan Tyler, ““Now, That’s Pornography!’: Violence and Domination in Adult Video News,” in Everyday Pornography (Routledge, 2010), 62–74.

10

Chyng Sun and Miguel Picker, The Price of Pleasure: Pornography, Sexuality, and Relationships (Northampton: Media Education Foundation, 2008).

11

Robert J. Stoller and I. S. Levine, Coming attractions : the making of an x-rated video / robert j. stoller and i.s. levine, Book (Yale University Press New Haven, 1993).

12

Dines, Jensen, and Russo, Pornography: The Production and Consumption of Inequality.

13

Neil M. Malamuth and Eileen V. Pitpitan, “The Effects of Pornography Are Moderated by Men’s Sexual Aggression Risk,” in Pornography: Driving the Demand in International Sex Trafficking, ed. David E. Guinn and Julie DiCaro (Los Angeles: Captive Daughters Media, 2007), 125–43.

14

Ruchira Gupta, “Pornography in India,” in Big Porn Inc.: Exposing the Harms of the Global Pornography Industry, ed. Melinda Tankard Reist and Abigail Bray (North Melbourne, Victoria: Spinifex Press, 2011), 239–48.

15

Diana Russell and Natalie J. Purcell, “Exposure to Pornography as a Cause of Child Sexual Victimization,” in Handbook of Children, Culture, and Violence, ed. Nancy E. Dowd, Dorothy G. Singer, and Robin Fretwell Wils (London: Sage Publications, 2006).

16

Gail Dines, Pornland: How Porn Has Hijacked Our Sexuality (Boston: Beacon Press, 2010).

17

Donald L. Donham, “7. White Slavery,” in The Erotics of History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2018), 65–77, https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/9780520968875-010.

18

Susan Hawthorne, “Ancient Hatred and Its Contemporary Manifestation: The Torture of Lesbians,” Journal of Hate Studies, January 2005, https://doi.org/10.33972/jhs.32.

19

Alan McKee et al., “The Relationship between Consumption of Pornography and Consensual Sexual Practice: Results of a Mixed Method Systematic Review,” The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 30, no. 3 (2021): 387–96, https://doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2021-0010.

20

Emily Harkness, Barbara Mullan, and Alex Blaszczynski, “Association between Pornography Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adult Consumers: A Systematic Review,” Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking 18 (2015), https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0343.

21

Christian Laier, Frank P. Schulte, and Matthias Brand, “Pornographic Picture Processing Interferes with Working Memory Performance,” The Journal of Sex Research 50, no. 7 (2013): 642–52, https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.716873.

22

The Price of Pleasure - Noam Chomsky on Pornography (YouTube, 2008), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNlRoaFTHuE.

23

Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 355.

24

Seiya Morita, “Pornography, Prostitution, and Women’s Human Rights in Japan,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 64–83.

25

Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 352.

26

Mimi H. Silbert and Ayala M. Pines, “Early Sexual Exploitation as an Influence in Prostitution,” Social Work 28, no. 4 (1983): 285–89, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23714392.

27

Susan M. Nadon, Catherine Koverola, and Eduard H. Schludermann, “Antecedents to Prostitution: Childhood Victimization,” Journal of Interpersonal Violence 13, no. 2 (1998): 206–21, https://doi.org/10.1177/088626098013002003.

28

C S Widom and J B Kuhns, “Childhood Victimization and Subsequent Risk for Promiscuity, Prostitution, and Teenage Pregnancy: A Prospective Study.,” American Journal of Public Health 86, no. 11 (1996): 1607–12, https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.86.11.1607.

29

Jesse Mckinley, “A Neighbor Moves in with Ropes and Shackles, and Some Are Not so Pleased,” The New York Times (The New York Times, February 2007), https://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/12/us/12armory.html.

30

Will Harper, “Kinky Town,” San Francisco Weekly, 2007, http://www.sfweekly.com/content/printVersion/459991/.

31

Martin Amis, “A Rough Trade,” The Guardian, 2001, http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2001/mar/17/society.martinamis1.

32

Melissa Farley, “Renting an Organ for 10 Minutes: What Tricks Tell Us About Prostitution, Pornography, and Trafficking,” in Pornography: Driving the Demand for International Sex Trafficking, ed. David E. Guinn and Julie DiCaro (Los Angeles: Captive Daughters Media, 2007), 146.

33

Seiya Morita, “Who Are Women in Pornography,” in Not for Sale: Feminists Resisting Prostitution and Pornography (Independent Publishers Group, 2004), 356.

34

ResearchAndMarkets.com, “The Global Online Adult Entertainment Market,” Researchandmarkets.Com, 2022, https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5512037/global-online-adult-entertainment-market.

35

Kobus van Rooyen, “Drafting a New Film and Publication Bill for South Africa,” in Between Speech and Silence. Hate Speech, Pornography and the New South Africa, ed. Jane Duncan (Freedom of Expression Institute and Institute for Democracy in South Africa, 1996).

36

ibid.

37

I. Kant, L. Denis, and M. Gregor, Kant: The Metaphysics of Morals, Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy (Cambridge University Press, 2017).

I seek refuge in God, from Satan the rejected. Generated by: Emacs 29.4 (Org mode 9.8). Written by: Salih Muhammed, by the date of: 2023-07-21 Fri 21:05. Last build date: 2024-07-16 Tue 04:33.